One suggestion I haven't seen mentioned much, but that I think would help, is if you have someone trying to get in from one or more particular IP address(es), add a line (or lines) that specifically blocks them to /etc/asterisk/sip_custom.conf - e.g.:
deny
113.105.152.102/255.255.255.255
deny
66.117.50.225/255.255.255.255
deny
204.57.122.6/255.255.255.255
If this works as I understand, any address you enter in this way should at least be permanently blocked for SIP access. I don''t know if similar lines in iax_additional.conf would block entry using that protocol, but if you don't have any IAX extensions, it's less of a concern anyway.
This isn't a substitute for any of the suggestions in Ward's post, just a possible bit of added protection.